The greater part of China is mountainous. China's principal ranges are the Tien Shan, the Kunlun chain, and the Trans-Himalaya. In the southwest is Tibet, which China annexed in 1950. To the north lies Gobi Desert. China itself consists of three great river systems, which are: the Yellow River (Huang He), that is 2,109 mi (5,464 km) long; the Yangtze River (Chang Jiang), which is the third-longest river in the world with 2,432 mi (6,300 km); and the Pearl River (Zhu Jiang), 848 mi (2,197 km) long.

China's government system is a Communist state.

China's land area is 3,600,927 sq mi (9,326,411 sq km); and the total area is 3,705,407 sq mi (9,596,960 sq km).

China's population (2007 est.) is 1,321,851,888, where the growth rate is 0.6%; birth rate: 13.5/1000; infant mortality rate: 22.1.1/1000; life expectancy: 72.9; and the density per sq mi is 367.

China's capital is Beijing, with 10,849,000 in metro area, and 8,689,000 in the city proper.

China's largest cities are: Shanghai, 12,665,000 (metro. area), 10,996,500 (city proper); Tianjin (Tientsin), 9,346,000 (metro. area), 4,333,900 (city proper); Wuhan, 3,959,700; Shenyang (Mukden), 3,574,100; Guangzhou, 3,473,800; Haerbin, 2,904,900; Xian, 2,642,100; Chungking (Chongquing) 2,370,100; Chengdu, 2,011,000; and Hong Kong (Xianggang), 1,361,200

China's monetary unit is Yuan/Renminbi .

China's languages which are being widely used are: Standard Chinese (Mandarin/Putonghua), Yue (Cantonese), Wu (Shanghaiese), Minbei (Fuzhou), Minnan (Hokkien-Taiwanese), Xiang, Gan, Hakka dialects, and other minority languages.

Ethnicities and races in China consist of the following: Han Chinese population is 91.9%, Zhuang, Uygur, Hui, Yi, Tibetan, Miao, Manchu, Mongol, Buyi, Korean, and other nationalities 8.1%.

China's religions are: officially atheist people; Daoists (Taoist), Buddhisst, 3%–4% of Christians, and 1% - 2% of Muslims (2002 est.).

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